Smelting reduction and kinetics analysis of magnetic iron in copper
— To improve the recovery of copper, the viscosity of copper molten slag is decreased by the reduction of magnetic iron, which, in turn, accelerates the settling and separation of copper droplets ...
Mathematical modeling of minor-element behavior in …
The original equation of Chaubal and Sohn t141 included a term to account for heat taken away from the particle due to vaporization of copper. It was found that under flash-smelting and flash-converting conditions only about 5 pct of the initial copper volatilized at high oxygen con- centration.
A Blending Problem in Copper Production | Environmental …
— Well-known mathematical models related to blending problem are extended and adjusted to the specific blending problem in copper production. Certain constraints are deduced from the process of making copper as well as from the ecological aspects of the production process. The models are applied to the production experience at the copper …
Submerged Gas Jet Penetration: A Study of Bubbling …
— Equation 1 is a second-order nonlinear equation that can be numerically solved with the Runge– Kutta method using the following boundary conditions: Submerged Gas Jet Penetration: A Study of Bubbling Versus Jetting and Side Versus Bottom Blowing in Copper Bath Smelting 971
Mathematical modelling and numerical optimization of particle heating
— PDF | A mathematical model of the particle heating process in the reaction shaft of flash smelting furnace was established and the calculation was... | Find, read and cite all the research you ...
Optimization of Feed Blending Process for Copper Smelter
— In copper smelting, obtaining uniform blend compositions from diverse copper concentrates is vital for stable and economical operation, keeping in mind the decreasing quality of raw material with time. The concentrates differ in chemical compositions and contain around 24 critical elements, making it challenging to achieve …
(PDF) Matte converting in copper smelting
— Solubility of oxygen in pure copper at 1200?C as a function of sulphur concentration in SO 2 partial pressures of P(SO 2 ) = 0.01-1 atm, in typical anode furnace conditions (Mtox 6.1 database).
12.3 Primary Copper Smelting
12.3 Primary Copper Smelting 12.3.1 General1 Copper ore is produced in 13 states. In 1989, Arizona produced 60 percent of the total U. S. ore. Fourteen domestic mines accounted for more than 95 percent of the 1.45 megagrams (Mg) (1.6 millon tons) of ore produced in 1991. Copper is produced in the U. S. primarily by pyrometallurgical …
Simulation and Optimization of Electric Smelting …
used in the smelting of copper, nickel and tin, and the impoverishment of slag, or used as electrically-heated settler for separation of metal and slag. ... self-baking electrode mathematical models, including two static models, one dynamic model, one stress model, and one three-dimensional analytical model. ...
Copper Mineral Leaching Mathematical Models—A Review
— World refined copper production increased slightly to an estimated 25 million tons in 2020 from 24.5 million tons in 2019, when the production in several countries was impacted by temporary smelter shutdowns for maintenance and upgrades . Future copper demand projections indicate that the per capita copper in-use stock (IUS) is expected to …
Prediction and Optimization of Matte Grade in ISA …
— Matte grade is determined by the process parameters such as the composition and feed of raw materials (copper concentrate, flux, air, and oxygen) and the smelting characteristics in the production of copper …
Thermodynamic Simulation Model of Copper Side-Blown …
— In this study, the thermodynamic simulation model and system of the copper side-blown smelting process were established using the chemical equilibrium constant …
Modelling copper smelting – the flash smelting plant, …
— The effectivity of present copper smelting technologies have their roots in industrial and laboratory-scale experience accumulated over the past decades. ... Laurila T, Taskinen P. 2003. Development of a mathematical model of flash smelting and converting processes. In: Third international conference CFD in the minerals and process industries ...
Copper processing
Copper processing - Roasting, Smelting, Converting: Once a concentrate has been produced containing copper and other metals of value (such as gold and silver), the next step is to remove impurity elements. In older processes the concentrate, containing between 5 and 10 percent water, is first roasted in a cylindrical, refractory-lined furnace …
The Extraction of Copper
— The end product of this is called blister copper - a porous brittle form of copper, about 98 - 99.5% pure. ... Electrolysis of the new solution. Copper(II) ions are deposited as copper on the cathode (for the …
CFD Simulation of the Effects of Mushroom Heads in a …
mushroom head in copper smelting process. Liang et al.[6] pointed out that the control of mushroom head in copper smelting is conducive to improving the service life of the injector and the control of furnace life. Some researchers established hydraulic model experiment systems to study the formation process of mushroom
A new mathematical model for copper concentrate combustion …
— By newly-developed computer model[1, 2] of the distribution behaviors of minor elements As, Sb, Bi and accessory elements Pb, Zn in copper flash smelting, copper flash smelting process of Guixi ...
Mathematical modelling and numerical optimization of …
— A mathematical model of the particle heating process in the reaction shaft of flash smelting furnace was established and the calculation was performed.
Thermodynamic Modeling and Optimization of the Copper …
— The copper flash converting process[1,2,3] is a novel technology to produce blister copper, the first industrial-scale application of which was started at the Kennecott Utah Copper Corporation (KUCC) in 1995.[4,5,6] The process has numerous advantages,[1,7] such as continuous operation, high capacity, low energy consumption, …
Write the word equation for the smelting of copper sulfide. a. Copper …
— The word equation for the smelting of copper sulfide is Copper sulfide + oxygen → copper + sulfur dioxide. In this process, also known as roasting, copper sulfide (the copper ore) reacts with oxygen, present in the air, to produce pure copper and sulfur dioxide. This is a type of oxidation reaction where copper is separated from the sulfur ...
Electrosmelting of Lead-Containing Dusts from Copper …
Abstract Experimental and mathematical modeling work has been conducted to develop an effective technological scheme for processing lead-containing dusts generated in copper smelting. The work incorporates conditions of melting, charge composition, and the physical parameters ... based on the equation of Protodjiakonov [15, 16], was used ...
[PDF] Modelling copper smelting
— Flash smelting furnace (FSF) technology by Outokumpu is one of the most widely employed methods for copper smelting. Developing an understanding of the …
Copper Flash Smelting Process Balance Modeling
In this study, the copper smelting process has been modelled using a mass and energy balance implemented with equations for coefficient distribution parameters of copper, …
[PDF] Modelling copper smelting
— The effectivity of present copper smelting technologies have their roots in industrial and laboratory-scale experience accumulated over the past decades. Since early '60s, the tools for improving the processing conditions and smelting vessel design included scale modelling and manual computing of homogeneous multicomponent equilibria. The …
What is the chemical equation for smelting copper sulphide?
— The chemical equation for smelting copper sulphide is: Cu2S (copper sulphide) + O2 (oxygen) → 2Cu (copper) + SO2 (sulfur dioxide). This reaction is typically carried out in a furnace at high ...
The Copper Flash CC Smelting Process
The production of copper in the flash smelting process is accompanied with a large amount of copper-rich slag, which has to be treated with the aim of copper recovery. ... Metamodelling and optimization of copper flash smelting process, Applied Mathematics and Materials, ISBN: 978-1-61804-347-4, p.52-56; Accessed August 2016; 5.
Extraction Of Copper | Mining, Concentration, Smelting
Copper Smelting: Smelting is a metallurgy technique to extract base metals from their ores with the help of heat and a chemical reducing agent. (Click here for extraction process). Copper Smelting means that the concentrated ore is heated strongly with silicon dioxide (silica), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) and air in a furnace. The major steps in ...
mathematical formula for smelting copper
Mathematical modelling of heat transfer in six-in-line … A heat balance equation [7] for the freeboard space reads: where, Gsmelt is the charge smelting rate in an electrode cell; [5] Hsmelt the charge smelting heat (for nickel smelting, Hsmelt is evaluated to be 1.326 MJ/t, using the data reported by Sheng et al.6); and Qsmelt the net rate of heat flow …
Optimal Selection of Matte Grade in Copper Smelting Process
— This work presents the sensitivity analysis of a hierarchical scheduling framework for the copper smelting process with respect to the change in matte grade. The aim is to find the matte grade that can maximize the throughput of the copper smelting process. ... as given in equation (1). Here, h is the scheduling instant, H is the maximum …
[PDF] Mathematical model of whole-process calculation for …
The distribution law of materials in smelting products is key to cost accounting and contaminant control. Regardless, the distribution law is difficult to determine quickly and accurately by mere sampling and analysis. Mathematical models for material and heat balance in bottom-blowing smelting, converting, anode furnace refining, and electrolytic …